54 Cards In A Deck

Playing card deck used in English-speaking countries

Cards from a standard, English or Anglo-American pattern, deck

The standard 52-card deck of French-suited playing cards is the well-nigh common pack of playing cards used today.^[a] In English-speaking countries it is the merely traditional pack^[b] used for playing cards; in many countries of the earth, yet, it is used alongside other traditional, often older, standard packs with different suit systems such equally those with German-, Italian-, Castilian- or Swiss suits. The most common pattern of French-suited cards worldwide and the just 1 commonly available in Britain and the United States is the English blueprint pack. The 2nd most mutual is the Belgian-Genoese pattern, designed in France, but whose use spread to Spain, Italian republic, the Ottoman Empire, the Balkans and much of North Africa and the Center East.^[i] In addition to those, there are other major international and regional patterns.

Limerick [edit]

A standard 52-card deck comprises 13 ranks in each of the 4 French suits: clubs ( ♣ ), diamonds ( ♦ ), hearts ( ♥ ) and spades ( ♠ ). Each adapt includes three court cards (face cards), Male monarch, Queen and Jack, with reversible (double-headed) images. Each suit too includes ten numeral cards or pip cards, from 1 to ten. The carte du jour with i pip is known as an Ace. Each pip menu displays the number of pips (symbols of the suit) corresponding to its number, as well as the appropriate numeral (except "A" for the Ace) in at least two corners.

In addition, commercial decks often include anywhere from one to six (most ofttimes two or three since the mid-20th century) Jokers, oft distinguishable with one being more than colourful than the other, every bit some card games require these extra cards.^{[2] [three]} The Jokers tin as well be used as replacements for lost or damaged cards.

Standard 52-card, French-suited, English language pattern pack by Piatnik of Austria. The English language pattern is also known equally the Anglo-American or International pattern.

Design [edit]

Dondorf Rhineland pattern

The most pop standard pattern of the French deck is the English design ^[c] (pictured above), sometimes referred to equally the International blueprint or Anglo-American pattern.^[4] The second most mutual is the Belgian-Genoese blueprint, which was designed in France for export and spread to Spain, Italy, the Ottoman Empire, the Balkans and much of North Africa and the Heart Eastward.^[1] There are also numerous others such as the Berlin pattern, Nordic pattern, Dondorf Rhineland pattern (pictured right) and the variants of the European design.

Modernistic playing cards conduct alphabetize labels on opposite corners or in all four corners to facilitate identifying the cards when they overlap and so that they appear identical for players on opposite sides. For the Ace and court cards, this characterization is the initial letter or messages of the name of that card. In English-speaking countries they are lettered A, K, Q and J for Ace, Male monarch, Queen and Jack. In other countries the letters may vary, although the English versions are also sometimes used. Germany uses A, K, D and B (Donkey,^[d] König, Dame and Bube); Russian federation uses the Cyrillic letters Т, К, Д and В (Tuz, Korol, Dama and Valet); Sweden uses E, K, D and Kn (Ess, Kung, Dam and Knekt) and France uses 1, R, D, V (As, Roi, Dame, and Valet).

All early on playing cards were single headed (also called single ended). During the 19th century, menu manufacturers began designing double-headed cards so that the cards could exist readily identified whichever manner upwardly they were. In the case of court cards, this entailed cutting off the lower half of the epitome and replacing it with an inverted copy of the meridian half usually, just not e'er, with a horizontal or sloping dividing line between the two halves. Today, while single headed patterns of German language-suited and Latin-suited cards still exist, modern French-suited cards are invariably double headed.

Although French-suited, 52-menu packs are the most common playing cards used internationally, in that location are many countries or regions where the traditional pack size is only 36 (Russia, Bavaria) or 32 (n and central Germany, Austria) or where regional cards with smaller packs are preferred for many games. For example, 40- or 48-card Italian-suited packs are mutual in Italy; 40- and 48-card Spanish-suited packs on the Iberian peninsula; and 36-card German language-suited packs are very common in Bavaria and Austria. In add-on, tarot cards are required for games such equally French Tarot (78 cards), which is widely played in France, and the Tarock family of games (42 or 54 cards) played in countries like Austria and Hungary.

History [edit]

The English blueprint pack originated in Uk which was importing French playing cards from Rouen and Antwerp by 1480. The earliest cards of the English language blueprint engagement to around 1516. But United kingdom of great britain and northern ireland only started manufacturing its ain cards towards the end of the 16th century, when bill of fare production began in London. These were based on the Rouen design, but different the traditional French cards, they dropped the names on the courtroom cards. The English pattern evolved, in the procedure losing "some of its Rouen season and elegance and became more and more stylised. The figures took more than space in the cards and many details were distorted."^[4]

All early on cards of this blazon were single-headed, but around 1860, the double-headed cards, universally used on modern decks, appeared. Corner indices were added effectually 1880. During the 19th century, the English pattern spread all over the globe and is now used almost everywhere, even in countries where traditional patterns and other suits are popular. In America, the English language pattern was copied onto wider cards.^[four]

The fanciful pattern and manufacturer'southward logo normally displayed on the ace of spades began under the reign of James I of England, who passed a law requiring an insignia on that bill of fare as proof of payment of a tax on local industry of cards. Until August 4, 1960, decks of playing cards printed and sold in the United Kingdom were liable for taxable duty and the ace of spades carried an indication of the name of the printer and the fact that taxation had been paid on the cards.^[e] The packs were also sealed with a authorities duty wrapper.

Card size [edit]

Carte sizes by manufacturer

Manufacturer	Country	Marketed equally	Length		Width
			in	mm	in	mm
De La Rue (c. 1870)	UK	not specified	iii.7	94	2.five	64
Ravensburger	Germany	Poker	three.6	92	two.three	59
Handa (wide)[f]	Denmark	not specified	3.6	91	2.4	62
ASS Altenburger	Federal republic of germany	Poker, Rummy	3.vi	91	2.three	59
De La Rue (c. 1890) (Pneumatic Series F (Thin))	UK	not specified	3.5	90	2.4	62
Kem (wide)	U.s.	Poker[yard]	3.5	89	2.5	64
Piatnik (narrow)	Austria	Span, Poker, Whist	3.5	89	two.three	58
Kem (narrow)	Us	Bridge	three.5	89	two.25	57
Piatnik (wide)	Austria	Classic Poker, Poker Pro	3.5	88	2.5	63
Waddingtons	Uk	not specified	3.v	88	2.three	58
Handa (narrow)	Denmark	non specified	3.4	87	2.ii	56
Oberg	Sweden	Poker	3.4	87	ii.2	56
Bicycle	US	Poker	iii.five	88	2.5	63
Cartamundi	Belgium	Span	3.4	87	2.2	56
Cartamundi	Belgium	Poker	3.5	88	ii.5	63

Historically the size of playing cards was downwardly to the printer, but during the 19th century sizes became standardised, initially to a size of 3½ x 2½ inches. Today these are often referred to as "broad" cards or "poker-sized" cards. Wider playing cards had advantages: it was harder to cheat and, if packs were unavailable, dog-eared cards could be trimmed smaller. Narrower cards, known as "whist-sized" or "bridge-sized" cards, probably outset appeared in Europe and enabled players to handle the larger numbers of cards required for games like bridge.^{[v] [six]}

All the same, in that location is no formal requirement for precise adherence and small variations are produced past various manufacturers in different countries.^[7] In Germany, for example, standard Poker and Rummy packs by Ass Altenburger and Ravensburger measure 92 × 59 mm.^[8] Republic of austria'southward Piatnik sells packs marketed for Bridge, Poker and Whist measuring 89 × 58 mm;^[9] while Britain's Waddingtons produce generic packs sized at 88 × 58 mm.

Other sizes are also available, such as a medium size (usually 67 × 42 mm or 2.6 × i.seven in) and a miniature size (typically 45 × 32 mm or ane.8 × 1.3 in).^[10] These are often intended for playing patience or solitaire games.^[10] Larger 'jumbo' cards are produced for card tricks and those with poor eyesight.

The thickness and weight of modern playing cards are subject to numerous variables related to their purpose of use and associated material pattern for durability, stiffness, texture and advent.^[11]

Markings [edit]

Some decks include additional design elements. Casino blackjack decks may include markings intended for a car to cheque the ranks of cards, or shifts in rank location to let a manual bank check via an inlaid mirror. Many casino decks and solitaire decks have four indices instead of simply two. Some modern decks accept bar lawmaking markings on the edge of the face up to enable them to be sorted by machine (for playing duplicate bridge, peculiarly simultaneous events where the aforementioned hands may be played at many different venues). Some decks accept large indices for clarity. These are sometimes sold equally 'seniors' cards for older people with limited eyesight, merely may also be used in games like stud poker, where beingness able to read cards from a altitude is a benefit and paw sizes are small.

Four-colour packs [edit]

The standard French-suited pack uses blackness for the spades and clubs, and crimson for the hearts and diamonds. However, some packs utilise four colours for the suits in society to arrive easier to tell them autonomously. At that place are several schemes: a common i is the English language Poker format with black spades (♠), red hearts (♥), blue diamonds (♦) and green clubs (♣). Another common organization is based on the High german suits and uses green spades (♠) and yellowish diamonds (♦) with cherry-red hearts (♥) and black clubs (♣).

Nomenclature [edit]

When giving the total written name of a specific card, the rank is given starting time followed by the conform, east.yard., "ace of spades" or "Ace of Spades".^[h] Shorthand notation may reflect this by listing the rank beginning, "A♠"; this is common usage when discussing poker; simply it is equally common in more general sources to observe the suit listed first, as in "♠K" for a single menu or "♠AKQ" for multiple cards. This is common do when writing nigh bridge as it helps differentiate between the card(southward) and the contract (e.thousand. "4♥", a contract of four hearts). Tens may be either abbreviated to T or written as 10.

Terminology [edit]

Common commonage and private terms for playing cards that are relevant, but not exclusive to, the 52-card pack are:

• Face up carte du jour or court card – a jack, queen or rex.
• Honor card – a card that attracts a special bonus or payment for existence held or captured in play.^[12] In bridge, honours are the aces, the court cards and tens (A, K, Q, J, 10); in whist and related games, the aces and courts (A, G, Q, J).^[xiii]
• Wild card – card that may exist designated by the owner to represent any other card.^[14]
• Numerals or pip cards are the cards numbered from 2 to 10.
• "1" cards are unremarkably known as aces.
• "2" cards are likewise known as deuces.
• "3" cards are also known as treys.

Nicknames [edit]

• Ane-eyed Royals – the jack of spades and jack of hearts (sometimes called "1-eyed jacks") and the male monarch of diamonds are drawn in profile; therefore, these cards are sometimes referred to as "one-eyed". The rest of the courts are shown in total or oblique face up.
• Suicide kings – The king of hearts is typically shown with a sword behind his head, making him announced to exist stabbing himself. Similarly, the one-eyed king of diamonds is typically shown with an ax backside his caput with the blade facing toward him. These depictions, and their blood-red colour, inspired the nickname "suicide kings".
• The king of diamonds is traditionally armed with an axe, while the other 3 kings are armed with swords; thus, the rex of diamonds is sometimes referred to as "the man with the axe". This is the basis of the trump "1-eyed jacks and the man with the axe". Poker may be played with wild cards, ofttimes "Aces, Jacks, and the King with the Axe".
• The ace of spades, unique in its big, ornate spade, is sometimes said to be the death menu or the moving-picture show card, and in some games is used as a trump card.
• The queen of spades commonly holds a sceptre and is sometimes known equally "the bedpost queen", though more often she is chosen the "blackness lady". She also is the only queen facing left.
• In many decks, the queen of clubs holds a bloom. She is thus known as the "flower queen", though this design chemical element is among the most variable; the Bike Poker deck depicts all queens with a bloom styled according to their suit.

Computer representations [edit]

SVG [edit]

Example set of 52 playing cards; xiii of each adjust: clubs, diamonds, hearts, and spades

	Ace	2	3	four	v	6	7	8	nine	10	Jack	Queen	Male monarch
Clubs
Diamonds
Hearts
Spades

Unicode [edit]

As of Unicode vii.0, playing cards are now represented. Annotation that the following chart ("Cards", Range: 1F0A0–1F0FF) includes cards from the Tarot Nouveau deck, also as the standard 52-card deck.

Playing Cards [1] [two] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF)

0

ane

2

three

4

5

6

7

8

nine

A

B

C

D

E

F

U+1F0Ax

🂠

🂡

🂢

🂣

🂤

🂥

🂦

🂧

🂨

🂩

🂪

🂫

🂬

🂭

🂮

U+1F0Bx

🂱

🂲

🂳

🂴

🂵

🂶

🂷

🂸

🂹

🂺

🂻

🂼

🂽

🂾

🂿

U+1F0Cx

🃁

🃂

🃃

🃄

🃅

🃆

🃇

🃈

🃉

🃊

🃋

🃌

🃍

🃎

🃏

U+1F0Dx

🃑

🃒

🃓

🃔

🃕

🃖

🃗

🃘

🃙

🃚

🃛

🃜

🃝

🃞

🃟

U+1F0Ex

🃠

🃡

🃢

🃣

🃤

🃥

🃦

🃧

🃨

🃩

🃪

🃫

🃬

🃭

🃮

🃯

U+1F0Fx

🃰

🃱

🃲

🃳

🃴

🃵

Notes 1. ^ As of Unicode version 15.0 ii. ^ Grey areas indicate non-assigned lawmaking points

Come across also [edit]

• 500 decks coming with extra ranks
• French playing cards
• German playing cards
• Italian playing cards
• Castilian playing cards
• Stripped decks come up with fewer ranks.
• Tarot Nouveau, the almost common French-suited tarot game deck

Notes [edit]

1. ^ 52 cards excluding any Jokers.
2. ^ 'Deck' and 'pack' are synonymous; 'deck' tends to be used in America and 'pack' elsewhere.
3. ^ 'English design' is the name recommended by the IPCS.
4. ^ Formerly Aß or Equally.
5. ^ The Stamp Act 1765 imposed a tax on playing cards.
6. ^ Taken from a pack with a tourist motif, then may have been aimed at American market.
7. ^ Kem Poker cards are shut to the B8 (88 ten 62 mm) size of ISO 216.
8. ^ Sources vary every bit to the capitalisation used with American sources tending to favour lower case and British sources disposed towards capitals, but there are numerous exceptions and some sources combine them e.m "Ace of spades".

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b} Pattern Sheet 80 at i-p-c-south.org. Retrieved 23 Baronial 2020.
2. ^ McLeod, John. Games played with French suited cards at pagat.com. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
3. ^ French regional pattern sheets and French not-regional blueprint sheets at i-p-c-southward.org. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
4. ^ ^{a b c} "The English pattern". International Playing-Card Order. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
5. ^ Wastrack, Harry (2005). Toll Guide for Collectible Playing Cards: Book I: Advertising, Humor, Patience, Pinup, Transportation. Xlibris.
6. ^ Kem Cards official website. Narrow (Bridge) Size verses Wide (Poker) Size , retrieved 2014-02-27 .
7. ^ In a sample of 95 American bridge and poker carte sets, lengths ranged from 87.50 mm to 89.50 mm. In a sample of 28 bridge sized cards, widths varied from 56.98 mm to 58.25 mm. In a sample of 67 poker sized cards, widths varied from 62.44 to 63.54 mm. Reference: Domicile Poker Tourney website. Playing Card Review , retrieved 2014-02-27 .
8. ^ Poker at ravensburger.de. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
9. ^ Bridge – Poker – Whist at piatnik.com. Retrieved 21 August 2020.
10. ^ ^{a b} Patience Cards and their Boxes at Globe of Playing Cards. Retrieved 12 February 2022.
11. ^ In a sample of 28 bridge-sized cards, the weight of a menu varied from 1.eight g to 2.48 chiliad and thickness from 0.26  mm to 0.34  mm. In a sample of 67 poker-sized cards, the weight of a card varied from 1.4 g to 2.78 grand and thickness from 0.24 mm to 0.34 mm. Reference: Home Poker Tourney Spider web site. Playing Card Review , retrieved 2014-02-27 .
12. ^ Parlett (2008), p. 644.
13. ^ Arnold (1988), p. vii.
14. ^ Phillips 1957, p. 412. sfn error: no target: CITEREFPhillips1957 (help)

Bibliography [edit]

• Arnold, Peter (1988). The Book of Card Games, second edn. London: Barnes & Noble. ISBN one-56619-950-6
• Parlett, David (2008), The Penguin Volume of Card Games, London: Penguin, ISBN 978-0-141-03787-five
• Phillips, Hubert (1957), ed. Culbertson's Card Games Complete. Watford: Arco.

54 Cards In A Deck,

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_52-card_deck

Posted by: goodehounce.blogspot.com

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